Background : Epidemiological investigations have indicated thatHelicobacter pyloriinduces inflammation in the gastric mucosa regulated by several interleukins. The genesIL1BandIL8are suggested as key factors in determining the risk of gastritis. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the association of gene polymorphism of interleukin-1 and interleukin-8 with chronic gastrits inH. pyloriinfected patients. A total of 60 patients underwent endoscopic procedure. Biopsy samples were collected for urease test, histopathological and molecular exams. The DNA of theses samples was extracted for detection ofH. pyloriand analysis of the genes mentioned above. Patients with gastritis had a higher frequency ofH. pylori-positive samples.Results : H. pyloriwas detected in 30/60 patients (50%) by PCR. As for polymorphism of interleukin 8 (-251) gene we observed a statistical difference when analyzed TA (p= 0.039) and TT (p= 0.047) genotypes. In theIL1B31 there was a statistical difference in TT (p= 0.01) genotype and in theIL1B-511there wasn’t any statistical difference.Conclusion : Our results suggest a strong correlation between the presence of chronic gastritis and infection byH. pyloriand thatIL1B-31TTandIL8-251TTgenotypes appear to act as protective factors againstH. pyloriinfection whileIL8-251TAgenotype may comprise a risk factor for infection with this bacterium.